Quercia Jacopo della{雅格伯·德拉·奎尔齐亚} |
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意大利锡耶纳最优秀的雕塑家。他的成
就在当时可以和多纳泰罗*、吉尔贝蒂*
相比。1401年曾参加佛罗伦萨礼拜堂青
铜门制作的招标竞赛，不过输给了吉尔
贝蒂。现存最早的作品是路加主教堂的
伊拉利亚(Ilaria del carretto，1406)
陵墓雕刻。石雕旁围绕着拿着花环的小
天使，是近代最早运用古罗马题材的作
品。作品风格精致而优雅，显示出他受
到勃艮第的斯留特尔*的影响。1409年
开始制作《欢乐之泉》(fonte Gaia)，直
到1414—1419年才完成。1417—1431
年，他和多纳泰罗、吉尔贝蒂一起创作
锡耶纳洗礼堂的浮雕。
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Zacharias in the Temple1428 - 1430
Gilt bronze relief
23 1/2 x 23 1/2 inches (60 x 60 cm)
Baptistry, Siena, Italy
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VirtueMarble
Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, Italy
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Tomba di Ilaria del CarrettoTranslated title: Tomb of Ilaria del Carretto.
1406 - 1407
Marble
80 1/4 x 27 1/8 inches (204 x 69 cm)
Duomo, Lucca, Italy
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Rhea Sylvia1414 - 1419
Marble
Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, Italy
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Madonna (Silvestri Madonna)1406
Marble
Cathedral, Ferrara, Italy
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La cacciata dall'EdenTranslated title: Expulsion from the Eden.
1425 - 1438
Marble
San Petronio, Bologna, Italy
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L'ebbrezza di NoèTranslated title: The Drunkenness of Noah.
1425 - 1438
Marble
San Petronio, Bologna, Italy
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Il peccato dei ProgenitoriTranslated title: The Sins of our Parents.
Alternative title: Temptation.
1425 - 1438
Marble
32 1/4 x 26 3/4 inches (82 x 68 cm)
San Petronio, Bologna, Italy
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Il Giudizio di SalomoneTranslated title: The Judgement of Solomon.
1408
Marble
Palazzo Ducale, Venice, Italy
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Hope1409 - 1419
Marble
Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, Italy
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Fountainc.1417
Marble with bronze reliefs
Baptistry, Siena, Italy
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Equestrian monument to Paolo SavelliWood
Santa Maria di Monserrato, Rome, Italy
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Annunciation: the Virgin1421 - 1426
Painted wood
Collegiata, San Gimignano, Italy
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Annunciation: the Angel1421 - 1426
Painted wood
Collegiata, San Gimignano, Italy
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Acca Laurentia1414 - 1419
Marble
Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, Italy
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Biographical InformationDELLA QUERCIA, or DELLA FONTE, JACOPO (1374-1438), Italian sculptor, was born at Siena. He was the son of a goldsmith of repute, Pietro d'Agnolo, to whom he doubtless owed much of his training. There are no records of his early life until the year 1394, when he made an equestrian statue of Gian Tedesco. He is next heard of at Florence in 1402, when he was one of six artists who submitted designs for the great gates of the Baptisteryn which competition [Lorenzo] Ghiberti [1378-1455] was the victor. From Florence he seems to have gone to Lucca, where in 1406 he executed one of his finest works, the monument of Ilaria del Caretto, wife of Paolo Guinigi. It is uncertain if he visited Ferrara in 1408; but at the end of that year he was engaged in negotiations which resulted in his acceptance of the commission for the famous Fonte Gaia, at Siena, early in 1409. This work was not seriously begun by him until 1414, and was only finished in 1419. In 1858 the remains of the fountain were removed to the Opera del Duomo, where they are now preserved; a copy of the original by Sarrocchi being erected on the site. After another visit to Lucca in 1422, he returned to Siena, and in March 1425 undertook the contract for the doors of S. Petronio, Bologna. He is known, in following years, to have been to Milan, Verona, Ferrara and Venice; but the rest of his life was chiefly divided between his native city and Bologna. In 1430 he finished the great font of S. Giovanni at Siena, which he had begun in 1417, contributing himself only one of the bas-reliefs, Zacharias in the Temple, the others being by Ghiberti [1378-1455], Donatello [1386-1466] and other sculptors. Among the work known to have been done by Jacopo, may be mentioned also the reliefs of the predella of the altar of S. Frediano at Lucca (1422); and the Bentivoglio monument which was unfinished at the time of his death on the 20th of October 1438. Jacopo della Quercia's work exercised a powerful influence on that of the artists of the later Italian Renaissance. He himself reflects not a little of the Gothic spirit, admirably intermixed with some of the best qualities of neo-classicism. He was an artist whose powers have hardly yet received the recognition they undoubtedly deserve.
See C. Cornelius, Jacopo della Quercia: eine Kunsthistorische Studie (1896), and works relating generally to the arts in Siena.
Source: Entry on the artist in the 1911 Edition Encyclopedia; additional information may be found in Vasari's Lives.
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